1- Electronic Terrorism and Electronic Waste
- On May 2018, the director of AVC E-Learning Center Dr.Ismail Musa Murad introduced two seminar titled (Electronic Terrorism and Waste) for our staff. See attached file
2- E-waste
- On November 28, 2018 a seminar was hold titled E-waste, which aims to review the issues relating to E-Waste. It identifies the sources of E-Waste as well as their components and the dangers in them. Alternative initiatives and means of managing E-Waste both nationally and internationally are discussed along with its effects on human health and environment. And also in this Seminar the Presenter focused on its necessary to establish a scientific team related to the subject in Kurdistan, in order to look after this Activity. Recommendations are made on appropriate treatment of E-Waste in order to make the environment safe for all.
- Policy and Awareness: The state policy should be clearly documented and published. It is recommended to expedite the development of an e-waste set of guidelines and regulations.
- Integrating with Solid Waste Management Strategy: e-waste management should be part of integrated waste management program of the country.
- Data Base Management and Tracking: Further statistical analysis of data collected is recommended along with the use of earlier data.
- E-waste specific Recycling Infrastructure: Development of recycling infrastructure is recommended for environmental improvement schemes.
- Re-evaluate: Try finding one device with multiple functions.
- Extend the life of your electronics. Buy a case, keep your device clean, and avoid overcharging the battery
- Buy environmentally friendly electronics. Look for products labeled Energy Star or certified by the Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool (EPEAT).
3- Seminar on Christams Comet: 46P Wirtanen
- Assist.Prof.Dr. Ismail Musa Murad the director of AVC e-learning center presented a seminar on the comet 46P/Wirtanen, which is the brightest comet of 2018 to pass the closest to Earth in December 2018. The presenter points that on December 16th Comet Wirtanen will be visible to the unaided eye. It makes the closet pass to us in over 400 years. The comet 46P/Wirtanen, which passes to Earth every 5.4 years, was one of three comets discovered by Carl Wirtanen in 1948 at the Lick Observatory in California. On January 15, 1948 Carl A. Wirtanen photographed a section of the sky at the Lick Observatory. Two days later, he realized that a comet was captured in the image. Comet 46P Wirtanen is a 1.2km diameter short period comet discovered photographically by Carl Wirtanen at Lick Observatory in 1948. Wirtanen is a Jupiter group comet that has a period of 5.43 years and aphelion of 5.1 AU. Perihelion is 1.05 AU and the orbit passes very close to the Earth’s orbit each perihelion. In the final months of 2018, Earth will experience what is probably the finest apparition of periodic comet (46P) Wirtanen of the 20th and 21st centuries. Comets are icy bodies in space that release gas or dust. They are often compared to dirty snowballs, though recent research has led some scientists to call them snowy dirtballs. Comets contain dust, ice, carbon dioxide, ammonia, methane and more. Astronomers think comets are leftovers from the material that initially formed the solar system about 4.6 billion years ago. Some researchers think comets might have originally brought some of the water and organic molecules to Earth that now make up life here. Comets orbit the sun, but most are believed to inhabit in an area known as the Oort Cloud, far beyond the orbit of Pluto. Occasionally a comet streaks through the inner solar system; some do so regularly, some only once every few centuries. He also explains the comet structure which contains of the following:
1. Nucleus: 10 km “Dirty Snowball” or "icy mudballs".
2. Coma: Cloud of evaporated ices and ions, may be 100,000 km in diameter
3. Tail: Always points away from Sun due to the solar wind and radiation pressure.
Astronomer Fred Whipple demonstrates the comet in general as “dirty snowball” model, while its chemical composition are a mixture of ices (both water and frozen gases) and dust . (relative to water) of carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), formaldehyde (H2CO), methanol (CH3OH), and methane (CH4).
Conclusion
The comets are the remainders of material formed in the coldest part of our solar system. Impacts from comets played a major role in the evolution of the Earth, primarily during its early history billions of years ago. Some believe that they brought water and a variety of organic molecules to Earth. Comets are important to scientists because they are primitive bodies left over from the formation of the solar system. They were among the first solid bodies to form in the solar nebula, the collapsing interstellar cloud of dust and gas out of which the Sun and planets formed, Over time a comet may become less active or even dormant. So in general the main importance of for studying the comet can be summarized as follow:
1. Comets usually travel through the universe for million to billions of years while being relatively unchanged. That allows it to gain some insights into the development of the universe.
2. Some people hope to find primitive life forms on those comets, e.g. bacteria.
3. Some comets are made of ice in which small particles (billions of years old) are included. That provides insight into the history of the universe.
4- Cyber Terrorism
Cyber Terrorist
This seminar about Cyber Terrorism was hold by the director of AVC E-learning Center Dr. Ismail Musa Murad on 2/4/2019 at the College of Education Physics Department for the Lecturers of Physic Department.
- Address the phenomenon of cyber terrorism and to minimize its risks and its consequences in general request.
- Address early history of terrorism.
- What the internet offers to terrorists in this era.
- Advertise part of the cyber terrorist organizations all over the world
What is meant by “Computer Security”?
- Computer based
- Poor passwords
- Lack of appropriate protection
- Network based
- Unprotected or unnecessary open entry points
- Information Technology as a Weapons or Target
1-Terrorist groups have used computer technology to threaten or attack national security infrastructures, and commercial firms.
2- These attacks have reportedly generated actual damage only in form of disruption of services, public inconveniences, or financial loss.
3-The technology also creates 3-D images of contents to allow screeners to get a full and rotatable view of objects.
How to protect yourself against cyber crime
Anyone using the internet should exercise some basic precautions. Here are some tips you can use to help protect yourself against the range of cyber crimes out there.
1. Use a full-service internet security suite
2. Use strong passwords
3-Don’t repeat your passwords on different sites, and change your passwords regularly. Make them complex. That means using a combination of at least 10 letters, numbers, and symbols. A password management application can help you to keep your passwords locked down.
5- The Physics of Lightning
On 18th April 2019 a Seminar about the physics of lightning was hold by the director of AVC E-learning Center Dr. Ismail Musa Murad at the AVC E-learning Center for the staff of AVC Center. In this Seminar different topics about lighting was discussed. How to behave in case of a strong lightning, the different types, and also how it is created. Along with videos for how to avoid the effect of lightning and thunder was shown.
Lightning is a sudden electrostatic discharge during an electrical storm. This discharge allows charged regions in the atmosphere to temporarily equalize themselves, when they strike an object on the ground. Although lightning is always accompanied by the sound of thunder, distant lightning may be seen but be too far away for the thunder to be heard.
There are three types: Lightning can take one of three forms).
1-There is intra-cloud lighting (IC), which takes place between electrically charged regions of a cloud;
2-Cloud-to-cloud (CC) lighting, where it occurs between one functional thundercloud and another;
3-Cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning, which primarily originates in the thundercloud and terminates on an Earth surface
How to avoid Lightning
Take extra precaution during thunderstorms to avoid getting struck and try to follow the following steps:
- Avoid swimming or watersports on rainy days
- Run to your vehicle for safety
- Staying safe Indoors
- Avoid bathing, showering, or using the sink as much as possible
- Pull to the side of the road in heavy storms
- To avoid using any plugged-in electronics
- Don't handle the radio or your GPS system
- Keep your windows closed
- Staying Safe in a car and run to your vehicle for safety
- Avoid metal objects, like fences or exposed pipes
- Add a lightning rod to your roof
- Do not use the elevator
- Use stairs if they do not have a metallic handrail
6- The Physics of Earthquake
The Director of AVC E-learning Center presented a seminar on Physics of Earthquake and he points out the following items in this regard as follows:
The definition of earthquake, seismic waves and how the earthquake shaked the ground service and can cause buildings to collapse, disrupt, transport and services and can cause fires. The presenter talked about new computer modeling approach to improve understanding of details on earthquake and how the new research significant in this purpose. And at the end of the seminar he gives some recommendations and precautions as an early warning information could be distributed to public.
7- Scientific Poster
The Director of AVC E-learning Center presented a seminar on Scientific Poster on the following items:
- how to prepare academic poster
- how to make an academic poster
- bad and good posters
- steps how to design good scientific posters